{"id":666,"date":"2013-02-01T11:07:46","date_gmt":"2013-02-01T11:07:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rulesofreason.wordpress.com\/?p=666"},"modified":"2013-02-01T11:07:46","modified_gmt":"2013-02-01T11:07:46","slug":"discretion-is-fractal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/?p=666","title":{"rendered":"Discretion is Fractal"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Last week, I made a presentation at the Leiden University <a href=\"http:\/\/www.research.leiden.edu\/research-profiles\/political-legitimacy\/conference\/conference-introduction.html\" target=\"_blank\">conference<\/a> &#8216;Political Legitimacy and the Paradox of Regulation&#8217; under the admittedly esoteric title &#8216;Discretion is Fractal&#8217;. Despite the title, my point is actually quite simple: one cannot continue to model,\u00a0conceptualize and measure (administrative or legal) discretion as a linear\u00a0phenomenon\u00a0because of the nested structure of legal norms which\u00a0exhibits\u00a0self-similarity at different levels of\u00a0observation. And, yes, this means that <strong>law is fractal<\/strong>, too. In the same way there is no definite answer to the question <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/How_Long_Is_the_Coast_of_Britain%3F_Statistical_Self-Similarity_and_Fractional_Dimension\" target=\"_blank\">&#8216;how long is the coast of Britain<\/a>&#8216;, there can be no answer to the question which legal code provides for more discretion, unless a common yardstick and level of observation is used (which requires an analytic reconstruction of the structure of the legal norms).<br \/>\nThe presentation tries to unpack some of the implications of the fractal nature of legal norms and proposes an alternative strategy for\u00a0measuring\u00a0discretion. Here is a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/discretion-is-fractal.pdf\">pdf<\/a>\u00a0of the\u00a0presentation which I hope makes some sense on its own.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Last week, I made a presentation at the Leiden University conference &#8216;Political Legitimacy and the Paradox of Regulation&#8217; under the admittedly esoteric title &#8216;Discretion is Fractal&#8217;. Despite the title, my point is actually quite simple: one cannot continue to model,\u00a0conceptualize and measure (administrative or legal) discretion as a linear\u00a0phenomenon\u00a0because of the nested structure of legal norms which\u00a0exhibits\u00a0self-similarity at different levels of\u00a0observation. And, yes, this means that law is fractal, too. In the same way there is no definite answer to the question &#8216;how long is the coast of Britain&#8216;, there can be no answer to the question which legal code provides for more discretion, unless a common yardstick and level of observation is used (which requires an analytic reconstruction of the structure of the legal norms). The presentation tries to unpack some of the implications of the fractal nature of legal norms and proposes an alternative strategy for\u00a0measuring\u00a0discretion. Here is a\u00a0pdf\u00a0of the\u00a0presentation which I hope makes some sense on its own.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false},"categories":[26,36],"tags":[62,185,275,338,378,392,406,548,623],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7g3hj-aK","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":689,"url":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/?p=689","url_meta":{"origin":666,"position":0},"title":"Bureaucrats as Policy-makers","date":"February 25, 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Everyone loves bitching about bureaucrats but few know what it is exactly that they do. Ed Page's new book 'Policies without Politicians' provides plenty of insights. As I mention at the end of this book review, everyone who theorizes or\u00a0criticizes bureaucrats should read the book as a reality check. A\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Bureaucracy&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":193,"url":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/?p=193","url_meta":{"origin":666,"position":1},"title":"Social science in the courtroom","date":"December 2, 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Everyone who is interested in\u00a0the sociology of science, causal inferences from observational data,\u00a0employment gender discrimination, judicial sagas, or academic spats should read the latest issue of Sociological Methods & Research. The whole issue is devoted to the Wal-Mart Stores,Inc. v. Dukes et al. case - \"the largest class-action employment discrimination\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Observational studies&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":141,"url":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/?p=141","url_meta":{"origin":666,"position":2},"title":"Organizing your library","date":"November 7, 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"I finally managed to organize all my printed articles into folders. Quite a tedious task, but maybe worth sharing my experience in more detail. First the background and the objective: I had probably around 400 printed journal articles, kind of sorted into piles and lying around my office threatening slowly\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Classification&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":733,"url":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/?p=733","url_meta":{"origin":666,"position":3},"title":"Constructivism in the world of Dragons","date":"March 26, 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Here is an analysis of Game of Thrones from a realist international relations perspective. Inevitably, here is the response from a constructivist angle. These are supposed to be fun so I approached them with a light heart and popcorn. But halfway through the second article I actually felt sick to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Humour&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":24,"url":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/?p=24","url_meta":{"origin":666,"position":4},"title":"The present and the future of academic publishing","date":"October 10, 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Academic publishing remains one of the most mysterious industries to me even after being caught in its web for a while. I have found no better presentation of the idiocy of the whole system than this video: more here Unfortunately, recent development (at least in social science journals) do not\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Academic publishing&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/GMIY_4t-DR0\/0.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":963,"url":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/?p=963","url_meta":{"origin":666,"position":5},"title":"What's a demockracy?","date":"December 5, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"- What\u2019s a democracy? - Democracy means that people rule and the government respects the opinions of the citizens. - So the government should do what the people want? - In principle, yes, but\u2026 - Can a majority of the people decide to abolish the parliament? - No, the basic\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Humour&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/666"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=666"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/666\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=666"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=666"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/re-design.dimiter.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=666"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}